Dysfunctions of mitochondria are recognized as major factors contributing to the development of cancer, diabetes, aging and other chronic diseases. Dr.Yong Zhao was invited to orally present his recent discovery at the annual meeting of World Mitochondria Society, the 8th World Congress on Targeting Mitochondria (Oct.23-24, Berlin, Germany). Dr. Zhao introduced the novel function of platelet- released mitochondria in immune modulation, improving the regeneration of pancreatic islet beta cells, and enhancement of islet beta-cell functions in humans.